Review Chapter 1 Section 3 Guided Reading Early British Colonies Answer Key

Former British Colonies

The modern-day Canadian province of Newfoundland was in one case a British colony.

• The British Empire was the largest of its kind in history, and one time covered well-nigh one quarter of all the land on Earth.
• One of the last major colonies to be given up by Britain was Hong Kong which was given back to China on July 1st 1997.
• Britain began colonizing the world back in the 16th century and spread its power through a strong ground forces and by partnering with local government to carry business.

The British Empire is famous for spreading itself to almost every corner of the globe. An empire is a group of colonies that are ruled by a unmarried power, and while United kingdom itself has always been quite pocket-sized in land mass and located far away from many of the places it has governed, information technology somehow succeeded in growing the largest empire in history. Historians argue exactly how this happened. Many say the British Empire was fabricated possible by conquering the world by body of water, investing in a formidable regular army, and partnering with local people to further its spread.

At its height in 1921, this empire had become a refined worldwide network, ruling approximately one quarter of all the land on Earth. The nations conquered were linked in trade too every bit in politics, and this lasted for quite a while. While diverse countries gained their independence over time, even past 1952 when Queen Elizabeth took the throne, over 70 colonies all the same existed in the empire overseas. Zip lasts forever, however. The end of an era, which began in the 16th century, finally came around in 1997 when Hong Kong, one of the empire's most prominent territories, was transferred back to Communist china.

Today, Queen Elizabeth is notwithstanding officially the head of state for 16 Commonwealth countries exterior the Britain. These include Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, the Bahamas, Australia, Belize, Barbados, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu.

Indian troops replacing 10,000 British troops captured by the Turks in Republic of iraq, 1916. Image credit: Everett Collection/Shutterstock

As far as current British overseas territories become, these include land in the Antarctic equally well as Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Bounding main territory, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Montserrat, the Pitcairn Islands, St Helena and its Dependencies, South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands, the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, and the Turks & Caicos Islands.

What happened to the rest? Hither is a cursory look at some quondam British Colonies and how they came to be.

Republic of india

India was a colony of Great britain from 1858 to 1947. Information technology all began back in the 1600s when Great britain get-go gear up up the East Bharat Visitor in order to bring silk, spices, tea, and table salt from India to Europe. The company gear up relationships that were mutually benign for both Britain and locals in India and in other countries throughout the Indian Subcontinent. In doing then, this presence grew to be more than but an element of commerce. By the 1750s until 1947, United kingdom ruled the Subcontinent. Post-obit World War Two, Uk lost much of its wealth and dominance which led to granting Bharat its independence as dissatisfaction with British rule was growing in the colony. British influence in India has been longlasting, and English language is commonly used as a lingua franca in the country.

Hong Kong

During the First Opium State of war between People's republic of china and Britain in 1839, Mainland china temporarily gave Hong Kong Island over to the British. This was done with the 1841 Convention of Chuenpi. In 1842, this temporary prepare up became a permanent deal with the Treaty of Nanjing. In 1860, Kowloon was won by the British, and 1898, the mod dividing line between mainland China and Hong Kong was established.

Britain ruled Hong Kong with an agreement that the empire would give Hong Kong back to China 99 years afterwards signing the bargain, on July 1 1997, which it did. Today, Hong Kong is governed under the "one country, two systems" relationship. Right now, Hong Kong is a special administrative region (SAR) of Cathay, just that volition change in 2047, when China volition likely have consummate control of the region.

Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of Cathay, simply formerly it was British territory. Image credit: ESB Professional/Shutterstock

The British in Africa

The British Empire ruled over many countries in Africa, beginning in 1870. These included what are at present Kenya, Sudan, Lesotho, Republic of botswana, Northern Somalia, Egypt, Eastern Ghana, Gambia, Niger, and Benin. These were all places Britain wanted to boss for access to goods such every bit rubber, salt, gold, ivory, and other natural products. As in the Indian Subcontinent, the British used local African tribal leaders to work for them from distant. One of the last British colonies to gain its independence was Republic of zimbabwe in 1980.

British North America and Colonial America

Both Canada and the The states have areas in them that were in one case British colonies. Today, the US is not governed by the UK, and Canada is a sovereign nation but a constitutional monarchy with the Queen of Canada (Queen Elizabeth) every bit the head of state.

The British empire ruled over British North America in what is now Canada, showtime in about 1860. At this time, these included New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland, Vancouver Isle, British Columbia, and "Canada" which was comprised of Upper and Lower Canada, today the provinces of Ontario and Quebec.

Canada's route to independence has been long and winding. The terminal province to join since the 1867 confederation was Newfoundland and Labrador in 1949 and the last territory was Nunavut in 1999.

Currier & Ives lithograph depicting General George Washington accepting the give up of Full general Charles Cornwallis at the Battle of Yorktown. Paradigm credit: Everett Collection/Shutterstock

In what is now the eastern US, thirteen British colonies were fix during the 17th and 18th centuries. These areas became prosperous economically and many people living in them began to wonder at ane point why they needed to pay taxes to leaders back in England. This somewhen led to the American State of war of Independence, too known as the Revolutionary War, which took identify from 1775 to 1783.

The British Empire was massive and was created with crafty, creative, and domineering ways of thinking. It grew at a unique time in history, and while it has shrunk considerably since it began, the effects of the empire are felt globally to this twenty-four hours. It remains to be seen if whatever one power will again boss over such a large portion of the globe, but history does have a tendency to repeat itself. Who volition exist side by side?

Former British Colonies

Rank	Former British Colonies	Year of Independence from Britain
ane	Aden Protectorate	1967
2	Anglo-Egyptian Sudan	1956
three	Auckland Islands	1931
iv	Commonwealth of the bahamas	1973
5	Bahrain	1971
6	People's republic of bangladesh	1971 (From Islamic republic of pakistan)
seven	Barbados	1966
8	Basutoland (Lesotho)	1966
9	Bechuanaland (Botswana)	1966
ten	Bermuda	1995
eleven	British Borneo (Brunei)	1984
12	British Republic of cameroon	1961
13	British Eastward Africa (Republic of kenya)	1963
14	British East Africa (Uganda)	1962
xv	British Egypt	1922
16	British Guiana	1966
17	British Honduras (Belize)	1981
18	British Bharat	1947
xix	British Malaya (Malaysia)	1957
20	British Solomon Islands	1978
21	British Somaliland (Somalia)	1960
22	British Togoland	1957
23	British Western Pacific Territories	1976
24	Burma (Myanmar)	1948
25	Ceylon (Sri Lanka)	1948
26	Colonial Fiji	1970
27	Colonial Nigeria	1960
28	Colony of Newfoundland	1949 (Became a province of Canada)
29	Cyprus	1960
xxx	Emirate of Transjordan (Jordan)	1946
31	Gambia Colony and Protectorate	1965
32	Gilbert and Ellice Islands (Kiribati and Tuvalu)	1978
33	Gilded Coast (Ghana)	1957
34	Helgoland	1890 (Now part of Germany)
35	Hong Kong	1997 (At present a Chinese special administrative region)
36	Ionian Islands	1830
37	Ireland	1921
38	Island of St. John (Antigua and Barbuda)	1981
39	Jamaica	1962
40	Kingdom of Rarotonga (Cook Islands)	1965 (cocky governing isle state in free association with New Zealand)
41	Kingdom of Sarawak	1963 (now a country of Malaysia)
42	Leeward Islands	1983
43	Malta	1964
44	Mandatory Iraq	1932
45	Mandatory Palestine (State of israel, Jordanian looting of the West Bank, Palestine Protectorate)	1948
46	Menorca (Spanish Island)	1802 (now function of Spain)
47	Mosquito Coast	1860 (now part of Nicaragua and Honduras)
48	Muscat and Oman	1951
49	Nauru	1968
l	New Hebrides (Vanuatu)	1906
51	New Due south Wales (state in Australia)	1901
52	Nigeria	1960
53	Niue	1974 (from New Zealand)
54	Northern Rhodesia (Zambia)	1964
55	Nyasaland (Republic of malaŵi)	1964
56	Oregon Country	1846 (became a U.s. territory, then a land)
57	Islamic republic of pakistan	1947
58	Phoenix Islands	1979 (at present part of Kiribati)
59	Province of East Florida	1783 (became a Spanish colony, later a United states territory
60	Province of Nova Scotia (one of the founding provinces of Canada)	1867
61	Province of Quebec (1 of the founding provinces of Canada)	1867
62	Province of West Florida	1783 (became a Spanish colony, after a US territory
63	Qatar	1868
64	Queensland (state in Commonwealth of australia)	1901
65	Rupert's Country	1869 (became office of the Canadian confederation)
66	Sheikhdom of Kuwait	1961
67	Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate	1961
68	Singapore	1963 (became a land of Malaysia, and then separated in 1965)
69	Solomon Islands	1978
lxx	South Africa	1931
71	South Arabia	1932
72	South Commonwealth of australia (state in Australia)	1901
73	S-Due west Africa	1931 (South Africa territory until 1990)
74	Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)	1980
75	Straits Settlements (Singapore, Malaysia, Kalimantan)	1946 (Separated and passed to other nations)
76	Sultanate of Zanzibar	1963
77	Swan River Colony (Western Australia, country in Australia)	1901
78	Swaziland	1968
79	Tanganyika Territory (Tanzania)	1961
fourscore	Territory of New Republic of guinea	1975
81	Thirteen Colonies (United States)	1776
82	Tokelau	1949 (Became a territory of New Zealand)
83	Tonga	1970
84	Trucial States (Oman)	1951
85	Uganda Protectorate	1962
86	Unfederated Malay States	1957
87	Van Diemen'south Land	1856
88	Victoria (State in Australia)	1901
89	Western Samoa	1970
90	Windward Islands	1979

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Source: https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/former-british-colonies.html

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